nontariff barriers

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• Nontariff Barrier — A form of restrictive trade where barriers to trade are set up and take a form other than a tariff. Nontariff barriers include quotas, levies, embargoes, sanctions and other restrictions, and are frequently used by large and developed economies.… …   Investment dictionary

• trade agreement — Any contractual arrangement between states concerning their trade relations. Trade agreements may be bilateral or multilateral, that is, between two states or more than two. For most countries international trade is regulated by unilateral… …   Universalium

• Agriculture and Food Supplies — ▪ 2007 Introduction Bird flu reached Europe and Africa, and concerns over BSE continued to disrupt trade in beef. An international vault for seeds was under construction on an Arctic island. Stocks of important food fish species were reported… …   Universalium

• international trade — Introduction       economic transactions that are made between countries. Among the items commonly traded are consumer goods, such as television sets and clothing; capital goods, such as machinery; and raw materials and food. Other transactions… …   Universalium

• japan — japanner, n. /jeuh pan /, n., adj., v., japanned, japanning. n. 1. any of various hard, durable, black varnishes, originally from Japan, for coating wood, metal, or other surfaces. 2. work varnished and figured in the Japanese manner. 3. Japans,… …   Universalium

• Japan — /jeuh pan /, n. 1. a constitutional monarchy on a chain of islands off the E coast of Asia: main islands, Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu, and Shikoku. 125,716,637; 141,529 sq. mi. (366,560 sq. km). Cap.: Tokyo. Japanese, Nihon, Nippon. 2. Sea of, the… …   Universalium

• Trade policy of Japan — Export policiesFor many years, export promotion was a large issue in Japanese government policy. Government officials recognized that Japan needed to import to grow and develop, and it needed to generate exports to pay for those imports. After… …   Wikipedia

• Multinational and Regional Organizations — ▪ 2009       In mid November 2008, leaders of the Group of 20 (G 20) major advanced and emerging economies met in Washington, D.C., to discuss the growing global financial crisis. At this summit and at a meeting of G 20 finance ministers held a… …   Universalium

• Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act — The Smoot Hawley Tariff Act (sometimes known as the Hawley Smoot Tariff Act) [ch. 497, USStat|46|590, June 17, 1930, see usc|19|1654] was an act signed into law on June 17 1930, that raised U.S. tariffs on over 20,000 imported goods to record… …   Wikipedia

• Trade costs and facilitation — [http://econ.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=1697684 pagePK=64168176 piPK=64168140 theSitePK=1697658 Trade Costs Facilitation: The Development Dimension] is an ongoing research project on trade facilitation reform carried out by the… …   Wikipedia

• Rocky Road to Caribbean Unification — ▪ 1997       by David Renwick  The 14 member nations of the Caribbean Community and Common Market (Caricom) struggled in 1996 to advance their unification movement but with much less success than had been envisioned. Leaders in the Caribbean… …   Universalium